Top: The ninespine stickleback, Pungitus pungitus, is typical of the saltwater form. Bottom: A freshwater form of stickleback with fewer bony plates and fewer spines. Image based on drawings from the ...

Convergent phenotypic evolution often results from similar genetic changes in independent species by a process known as parallel evolution. Sometimes, convergent evolution results from the evolution ...

Bats have been found to evolve into bigger sizes in exactly the same way in separate locations, in a very rare example of parallel evolution. The findings come from a study of several bats—some very ...